Investigating the Causal Role of Physical IPV in Driving Social Isolation Among Women of Reproductive Age in Socially Disadvantaged Areas in Ilorin, Nigeria

Abstract

This study examines the effect of physical intimate partner violence (PIPV) on social isolation among women of reproductive age in Ilorin's socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods. A descriptive survey was conducted with 1,073 women across ten neighbourhoods in five local governments. The Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2) measured physical IPV, while the Lubben Social Network Scale-6 (LSNS-6) assessed social connectedness.Findings show that PIPV is prevalent, with 36.3% of respondents reporting being slapped or hit, 38.2% pushed violently, and 56.4% having their arms or hair twisted. Social isolation was also widespread; for example, 38.1% of women reported having no close friends they could call on for help, and 35.1% had no friends they saw or heard from monthly.Regression analysis revealed that physical IPV significantly predicts social isolation (R2 = .340; χ2 = 417.07, df = 4; p < .001). Women who did not experience IPV were 325.5 times more likely to strongly reject feelings of disconnection from relatives and friends (β = 325.527; p < .001). This study extends existing literature by confirming the strong association between IPV and social disconnection and quantifying the extent of isolation among women in a Nigerian urban context. It underscores the urgent need for coordinated interventions. Family and religious leaders should promote non-violence and peer support. At the same time,the government and NGOs must strengthen social welfare through counselling, skills training, safe housing, and mobile social services to reintegrate survivors.